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Ford Mustang este un automobil fabricat de Ford Motor Company începând cu 1964. Tot atunci Ford introduce clasa de automobile „pony car”(mașina ponei).
Mustangul, al treilea nume ca vechime care este și acum produs de Ford, a trecut prin multe schimbări până a ajunge la a cincea generație.
Numele se trage de la avionul de luptă P-51 Mustang din Al Doilea Război Mondial, al cărui fan era stilistul mașinii: Pres Harris. O altă propunere de nume a venit, se pare, de la Robert J. Egger, un alt om important în companie. Acesta a primit cadou o carte numită „The Mustangs” de la care i-ar fi venit ideea numelui. În Germania nu s-a putut folosi numele până în 1978 iar până atunci a fost vândut în Germania sub numele „T-5”.
Prima generație (1964-1973)
Mustangul avea 2 locuri, motorul montat pe mijloc și era o mașina de tip deschis(eng: roadster). Modelul cu 2 locuri a fost înlocuit cu unul de 4 modelat de Joe Oros și echipa lui de designeri, câștigând astfel concursul de design. Un Mustang a apărut și în filmul Goldfinger din seria James Bond, fiind prima apariție într-un film a mașinii(1964). Pentru a reduce costurile de producție s-a apelat la piese comune cu alte modele care erau deja în producție de Ford(modelele Falcon și Fairline). Vânzările au fost neașteptate, peste un milion de bucăți în 18 luni. Motorul de Falcon cu care a fost dotat modelul din '64 avea capacitatea de 2,8 litrii și 101 cp dar a fost înlocuit cu unul V8 de 4,7 litrii.
[]Generația a doua(1974-1978)
Președintele Ford Motor Company a vrut o mașină mai mică și mai eficientă la consumul de combustibil pentru anul 1974. Aceasta se baza pe modelul Pinto de la Ford.
Introducerea noului model chiar înaintea crizei de petrol a putut face față concurenței pentru coupe-urile sport ca Toyota Celica. Oricum vânzările au scăzut față de originalul Mustang. Puterea a fost redusă și greutatea mărită dotorită normelor Statelor Unite de poluare și siguranță. Ca opțiune avea un motor de 5L dar și unul economic.
Ca versiuni au fost:
- versiunea de bază - Hardtop - 2,3 litrii
- 302 - avea capacitate cilindrică de 302 cubic-inch(5 litrii)
- Stallion
- Ghia
- King Cobra - ediție limitată
Versiunea de 2,3 litrii a fost numită și MPG(miles per gallon) deoarece era o variantă mai economică, consumul era în jur de 10L/100Km în oraș și 6,9L/100Km pe autostradă.
[]Generația a treia (1979–1986)
A treia generatie de mustang a fost construita în 1979, sub conducerea lui Jack Teniac.
În 1982,a fost reintrodusa versiune GT. Acesta ar trebuit să fie un model cu performante inalte, o adevarata muscle car. Motorul adoptat de către acest model era un Windsor V8 5.0 L cu o putere de 157 CP (134 kW). Transmisia avea patru trepte. Masina a fost promovata cu sloganul The Boss is Back. De-a lungul anilor, puterea a fost marita și a atins, în 1987, 225 CP (168 kW).
[]Generația treia restyling(1987-1993)
De asemenea, în 1987, Mustang-ul a suferit, după opt ani, o importanta restilizare. Această revizuire se referă atât la caroserie cat și la interior. Popularitatea Mustang-ului a rămas neschimbata în timp, datorită costurilor reduse cat și performanței acestuia. De asemenea, în jurul aceastei masini sa născut o piață mare pentru piese, care a crescut în popularitate.
La sfârșitul anilor optzeci au inceput sa scada vânzările de Mustang. Oprinduse in jurul la 100.000 de unitati pe an.
Ford a anuntat intentia de a opri productia pentru a o înlocui cu modelul Pobe. Cu toate acestea, fanii au inundat Casa cu sute de mii de scrisori pentru salvarea acestui model.
Astfel, Ford a acordat o șansă suplimentară acestei mașini, dar numai în cazul în care vânzările ar fi rămas la niveluri bune. În caz contrar, productia s-ar fi oprit.
Când a fost prezentat noul model, care a fost extensiv revizuit, succesul a fost mai mare decât se aștepta și, prin urmare, modelul a fost ținut în producție.
[]Generația a patra (1994–2004)
[]Generația a cincea (2005-prezent)
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The Dodge Viper (renamed 'SRT Viper' as of 2012) is one of the first V10-powered cars in the world, manufactured by the Dodge division of Chrysler. Production of the two seat sports car began at New Mack Assembly in 1991 and moved to its current home at Conner Avenue Assembly in October 1995. The car, and numerous variations, has made many appearances in TV shows, video games, movies, and music videos[citation needed]. Although Chrysler considered ending production because of financial problems,[1][2] chief executive Sergio Marchionne announced and showed on September 14, 2010 a redesign of the Viper for 2012.[3]
Development
The Viper was conceived as a historical take on the classic American sports car. The iconic AC Cobra was a source of inspiration, and the final version of the Viper bears this out with its powerful engine, minimalist straightforward design, muscular and aggressive styling, and high performance. Some saw claims to kinship with the Cobra as a marketing exercise, ignoring that Carroll Shelbywas heavily involved in the initial design of the Viper, and subsequent design of the Viper GTS coupe. Notably, the later (1996 through 2002) Viper GTS coupe took a few design cues from the Pete Brock designed Shelby Cobra Daytona Coupe. Though the proportions seem similar at first glance, the designs are quite unique. Carroll Shelby was key in the development of the RT/10 as well as having a hand in the development of the GTS (Viper Coupe) model.
The Viper was initially conceived in late 1988 at Chrysler's Advanced Design Studios. The following February, Chrysler president Bob Lutz suggested to Tom Gale at Chrysler Design that the company should consider producing a modern Cobra, and a clay model was presented to Lutz a few months later. Produced in sheet metal by Metalcrafters,[4] the car appeared as a concept at the North American International Auto Show in 1989. Public reaction was so enthusiastic, that chief engineer Roy Sjoberg was directed to develop it as a standard production vehicle.
Sjoberg selected 85 engineers to be "Team Viper," with development beginning in March 1989. The team asked the then-Chrysler subsidiary Lamborghini to cast some prototype aluminum blocks based on Dodge's V10 truck engine[citation needed] for sports car use in May. The production body was completed in the fall, with a chassis prototype running in December. Though a V8 was first used in the test mule, the V10, which the production car was meant to use, was ready in February 1990.
Official approval from Chrysler chairman Lee Iacocca came in May 1990. One year later, Carroll Shelby piloted a pre-production car as the pace vehicle in the Indianapolis 500 race. In November 1991, the car was released to reviewers with first retail shipments beginning in January 1992.
[]First generation RT/10 (1992–1995)
 | |
| Production | 1992–1995 |
|---|---|
| Body style | 2-door roadster |
| Engine | 7.998 L (488.1 cu in) V10 400 bhp (298 kW) 465 lb·ft (630 N·m) |
| Transmission | 6-speed manual |
| Wheelbase | 96.2 in (2,440 mm) |
| Length | 175.1 in (4,450 mm) |
| Width | 75.7 in (1,920 mm) |
| Height | 44.0 in (1,120 mm) |
| Curb weight | 3,284 lb (1,490 kg) |
The first prototype was tested in January 1989. It debuted in 1991 with two pre-production models as the pace car for the Indianapolis 500 when Dodge was forced to substitute it in place of the Japanese-built Stealth because of complaints from the United Auto Workers, and went on sale in January 1992 as the RT/10 Roadster.
The centerpiece of the car was its engine. It was based on the Chrysler LA design, which was a truck engine. The original configuration made it too heavy for sports car use, so Lamborghini, then owned by Chrysler Corporation, revamped Dodge's cast-iron block V10 for the Viper by recasting the block and head in aluminum alloy. Some within Chrysler felt the pushrod two-valve design, while adequate for the truck application, was unsuitable for a performance car and suggested a more comprehensive redesign which would have included four valves per cylinder. Chrysler, however, was uncertain about the Viper's production costs and sales potential and so declined to provide the budget for the modification.
The engine weighed 711 lb (323 kg) and produced 400 bhp (300 kW) at 4600 rpm and 465 lb·ft (630 N·m) at 3600 rpm, and thanks to the long-gearing allowed by the engine, provided fuel economy at a United States Environmental Protection Agency-rated 12 mpg-US (20 L/100 km; 14 mpg-imp) city and 20 mpg-US (12 L/100 km; 24 mpg-imp) highway.[5] The body was a tubular steel frame with resin transfer molding (RTM) fiberglass panels. Some small bits of the suspension, (tie-rod ends and parts of the front wheel hubs) following the manufacturer's "engine first" mantra, were sourced from theDodge Dakota pickup. It had a curb weight of 3,284 lb (1,490 kg) and lacked all modern driver aids such as traction control or anti-lock brakes. Car and Driver magazine referred to this generation as "the world's biggest Fat Boy Harley", and likened driving it to "playing ping pong with a Louisville Slugger baseball bat." Despite this, in straight line performance, it completed a quarter mile (402 m) in 12.6 seconds and had a maximum speed of over 180 mph (290 km/h). Its large tires allowed the car to average close to 1 lateral g in corners, placing it among the elite cars of its day. However, the car proved tricky to drive at high speeds, particularly for the unskilled.
The car was spartan, although it featured inflatable lumbar support and adjustable seats. Along with the absence of exterior door handles, the vehicle lacked side windows and a roof. Although a soft top cover was available, it was designed primarily for indoor vehicle storage. Side curtains of fabric and clear plastic operated by zippers could be inserted into the door and hand-bolted when needed. All of these decisions were made to reduce weight. The battery is located in the sealed compartment over the rear wheel well to increase rear-end weight and traction. The car shipped with a tonneau cover and video tape on soft-top assembly (the soft top is removable and folds to fit in the trunk). In 1994 A/C was added as an option.
[]Performance
Dodge Viper first generation
- 0-60 mph (97 km/h): 4.6 sec[6]
- 0-100 mph (160 km/h): 9.2 sec
- quarter mile: 12.9 sec @ 113.8 mph (183.1 km/h)[6]
- top speed: 164 mph (264 km/h) reference: http://www.vipercentral.com/specifications/
- 700 ft (210 m) slalom: over 66 mph (106 km/h)
- skidpad average g: 0.96
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Monstrul de la Frankfurt: Bugatti Veyron 'Pur Sang'
Cea mai puternica masina din lume, Bugatti Veyron, a fost prezentata la Salonul Auto de la Frankfurt prin editia limitata 'Pur Sang'. Aceeasi masina de 1.000 de cai putere, dar alt design si cu o caroserie fara vopsea!
Bugatti a prezentat in premiera mondiala, la Frankfurt, editia limitata a Veyron-ului, denumita Pur Sang. Acest model va fi numarat in seria de 300 de unitati pe care Bugatti le va produce in total pentru modelul Veyron.
Pur Sang are un design cu totul nou, iar designerii de la Bugatti au venit cu ideea de a nu folosi deloc vopsea pentru caroserie. Masina este realizata din titan, magnenziu, carbon si aluminiu, lucioasa ca un glont, in nuante monocrome.
Pur Sang are 1,8 tone (cam cat are si un Volkswagen Passat B6) si 1.000 de cai putere. Masina trece la viteza maxima de 400 km/h, ramanand cea mai puternica si cea mai rapida din lume.
In Romania exista un singur posesor de Bugatti Veyron, dar nu si de Pur Sang (inca)...
Pur Sang are un design cu totul nou, iar designerii de la Bugatti au venit cu ideea de a nu folosi deloc vopsea pentru caroserie. Masina este realizata din titan, magnenziu, carbon si aluminiu, lucioasa ca un glont, in nuante monocrome.
Pur Sang are 1,8 tone (cam cat are si un Volkswagen Passat B6) si 1.000 de cai putere. Masina trece la viteza maxima de 400 km/h, ramanand cea mai puternica si cea mai rapida din lume.
In Romania exista un singur posesor de Bugatti Veyron, dar nu si de Pur Sang (inca)...
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